if-else in Go

Go's if statements are like its for loops; the expression need not be surrounded by parentheses ( ) but the braces { } are required.
Like for, the if statement can start with a short statement to execute before the condition.
```
package main

import "fmt"

func main() {
	if num := 3; num < 0 {
		fmt.Println(num, "is negative")
	} else if num < 10 {
		fmt.Println(num, "has 1 digit")
	} else {
		fmt.Println(num, "has multiple digits")
	}
}
```