name hiding in C++

If a class name or enumeration name is in scope and not hidden, it is visible. A class name or enumeration name can be hidden by an explicit declaration of that same name — as an object, function, or enumerator — in a nested declarative region or derived class. The class name or enumeration name is hidden wherever the object, function, or enumerator name is visible. This process is referred to as name hiding.
```
#include <iostream>

struct Base {
  void f(int) { std::cout << "i"; }
};

struct Derived : Base {
  void f(double) { std::cout << "d"; }
};

int main() {
  Derived d;
  int i = 0;
  d.f(i);
}
// d
```
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